Post-operative disease, which is well known clinically, is characterized in the laboratory and metabolically by a succession of two stages initial short stages, lasting a few days, marked by intensive catabolism and, after a change, there is a second phase, much longer, lasting several weeks, anabolic in nature, during which are reconstituted the reserves lost during the first phase. The mechanism of post-operative disease enters into the general field of post-aggressive reaction bringing into play an adrenocortical process. But a whole series of factors, including aggression without neuro-endocrine background, cause diffuse metabolic disturbances in the organism with their own appearance of severity. Occurring at the same time as the operation, they may also occur in the pre and postoperative periods. In order to minimize and shorten postoperative disease, it is important to combat as far as possible, these different specific factors through good preparation, correct anaesthetic and surgical techniques and the prevention and treatment of complications. One should also pay attention to nutritional problems.
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